The University of Alaska Fairbanks is the Fairbanks branch and main campus of the University of Alaska System, and is abbreviated as UAF. UAF is a land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant college, as well as the site at which the Alaska State Constitution was signed. The oldest college in Alaska, UAF was founded in 1922 as the Alaska Agricultural College and School of Mines.

UAF is home to the Geophysical Institute, which operates the Poker Flat rocket range; the International Arctic Research Center; and to the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center. The campus is situated favorably for arctic and northern research, and several lines of research are renowned worldwide, most notably in the mathematics department and those natural sciences which take advantage of UA's unique location, including space physics and wildlife biology.